Financial Freak Show

I’m not big fan of owing money to anybody. I really began to realize this when I began paying my debts off. I noticed that after I paid off a debt I felt all nice and fuzzy inside but when I acquired a debt I didn’t feel all nice and fuzzy inside. After hearing the proverb “The borrower is the slave to the lender” then realizing I had just spent the last two weeks working only to send it away to pay back some of what I owed – I was working for someone else and I don’t think they were paying me! I quickly came to the realization that, as I said above, I’m not a big fan of owing money to anybody.   

I think for many reasons debt can often do more harm than good, especially over the long term. Not just financial damage but emotional, relational, and sometime physical damage. Debt is not always a bad thing to have and in some cases it can work out. Though in my opinion for a lot of people and a lot of  situations it’s very often either dumb or unnecessary. In Ron Blue’s book The Debt Squeeze he addresses when he feels it is okay to borrow money and carry the debt. He lays this out in four simple rules that I’ll summarize for you:

Rule 1: Common Sense; this rule is pretty straight forward. You need to seriously consider what this debt will do to/for your life. Will the payments stress you family, your business, yourself? Are you making a mistake at some level by bringing this into your life? Will this be a blessing now and in the future of are you signing up for another future financial disaster and just justifying it somehow? Does this purchase fit well into your financial plan and future goals?

Rule 2: A Guaranteed way to repay; this is the rule that caught my attention (it’s a good one so stay with me!)  Can you guarantee repayment for this debt? I’m not talking about promising all of next year’s paychecks, I’m talking about a guaranteed way to repay. What this means to me is not borrowing money towards things that cannot stand good for themselves. Real estate is a great example. A mortgage is secured against the value of the property itself – assuming you had a proper down payment or solid equity when purchased. If you can’t make the payments in theory the value of the asset would stand good for the debt liability. Purchasing a business may also fall into this category assuming you are buying true assets and not just a process or name.  

A car (especially new) almost never falls into the guaranteed repayment category. This is due to the value of vehicles dropping too fast. Cars almost never increase in value (well not the kind you drive anyway). So unless you are borrowing $1,000 on a $12,000 car I doubt a financed vehicle can truly stand good for the purchase on its own. I know this sucks but how many people do you know with a financed car can sell the vehicle and clear the debt with the proceeds from the day they drive it home and through the life of the loan? That’s not a guaranteed way to repay.

Sometimes you can pledge the value of one asset as collateral for another financed asset. If you have the ability to take that route then you may have fulfilled Rule #2 and if you’re okay with that then I’m okay with that!

Obviously there are many variables to consider for Rule #2 but this part of the debt decision deserves some serious consideration and some honest answers to some tricky “what if” questions. Can you remove this debt burden from your life if necessary without being kicked in your financial groin? If you can’t answer yes to that question stop right here and reconsider.

Rule 3: Peace of heart and mind; Rule 3 is a bit more spiritual than the others in my opinion. How is this debt going to make you feel? Are you going to beat yourself up over the next five years for making a quick decision? Are you going to unintentionally going to forgo some big goal in the future for a pick-me-up right now? Will you lock yourself in to a job you don’t really want because you strapped yourself with a house payment you can barely cover? Will you put off your saving for the kiddo’s college to drive a new truck? Will you be able to sleep at night after you sign on the line?

Rule 4: Unity; This rule is easy to explain. This rule relates to married folks or people partnering with someone else in one way or another. Basically what is being said here is if you’re going to be in debt you need to be on the same page with your spouse or partners on what is happening and what is going to happen in the future. That’s really it. The two of you need to have a solid agreement and commitment to carry the burden together as one.

So assuming you can come to terms on all of these four rules a particular debt may not be such a bad thing in your life. That said, if for any reason you question don’t have a solid honest answer for any of these rules you may be buying a ticket for a ride you didn’t really plan on taking. Financial decisions should be very deliberate and well thought out no matter what dollar amount is involved. Slow down, take a little time and consider all your options then move forward deliberately and cautiously – every time

As a follow up to my post I Call a Do-over I wanted to discuss how my goal of a Zero Credit Score and my actions of living with no consumer debts will affect my life in the future. There are two reasons I decided to eliminate my debts and work to live on less than I make.

The first reason is because this simplifies my life greatly in several ways. One I don’t have the stress of debt hanging over me every minute of every day. Second I don’t have many bills to keep track of and pay every month (I currently pay 8 bills each month and half of those are deducted automatically).

The second reason is the big one for me. Taking debts out of the equation means my income is no longer being used to support those debts. Not paying these payments means my income is now free to invest, spend & save. When debt is sucking your income out of your hands as fast (or faster) than you earn it you cripple yourself. You spend your energy and, more importantly, your time trying to climb a mountain you have the weight of payment books trying to drag you back down. You spend your days trying to make money for someone else – I don’t like that feeling.

So by eliminating debt payments you simplify your life and free up energy and cash that can be used towards more productive goals like retirement planning and building wealth. How hard would it be to stash away 15% of your income towards retirement if you had no car payments, credit card payments, or student loan payments? If you don’t believe me calculate your debt to income ratio then swing by the local old people farm and ask them what they would do differently if they had the chance. I’m sure they’ll be more than happy to give you their take on credit cards and car payments.

I was posed a question about using a 401k loan to clean up someone’s financial train wreck. The mess in particular was created by buying a bunch of junk that these people didn’t really have to ability to afford at the time but did have the ability to borrow. Now they’re trying to refinance their home to lower their monthly payments to get a little breathing room. The problem is they’re now a little upside down on the home and the bank wants them to bring some cash to the table before they will allow them to re-fi the house. So they’re considering a 401k loan to make this happen. That is until I laid out to them a little more insight into how these loans work.   

They would be allowed to borrow up to 50% of the vested balance with a maximum of $50,000. That should be okay in their case because they have a balance of near $65,000 and are looking to pull about $28k.

The money in their case would be available at a 6% interest rate. The interest does go back to your account but depending on the market performance this could be a losing deal as far as growth.

The loan sort of turn offs your 401k for a period of time while you work to pay back the balance. Well you don’t turn off the entire 401k but the portion you borrowed is no longer considered part of the balance so no growth will happen to the portion you have taken out of the account.

Here’s the big reason I think 401k loans should be used only as a last resort:

If you leave your company most plans require that the balance be paid back into the account within 60 days. This comes due no matter the circumstances of your departure, if you go “Jerry Maguire” on them and walk out the door with the hot receptionist you’ve got 60 days. If you decide to leave because things get a bit uncomfortable around the office after you’ve been fired, you have 60 days. If you’re unfortunate enough to die, 60 days. If the loan is not repaid within 60 days the remaining balance is considered an early withdrawal and you will have the pleasure of paying income taxes plus a 10% early withdrawal penalty (if you’re under 59-1/2). So for many families you’re looking at a full 30%-40% tax bill due on that money. So if my friends borrow the $28,000 they needed and it blows up in their face they are looking at writing a check for $8,400 to $11,000 conveniently right around the time they lose a job. Talk about crappy timing…oh, and add that to the fact that they had to borrow money so they obviously we’re already in a less than desirable situation before they lost the job! And remeber the IRS doesn’t like to wait around for their money.

So I’m not saying a 401k loan is not an option, in some cases it may be the only option someone has to save a house or avoid a bankruptcy. I just want to throw this out there so everybody knows what road they are heading down before they board the special bus.

What’s your experience with 401k loans? Please share.

Debt is not always a bad thing to have. Though for most people and most situations it is either dumb or unnecessary. In Ron Blue’s book The Debt Squeeze he addresses when he feels it is okay to borrow money and carry the debt. He lays this out in four simple rules that I’ll summarize for you:

Rule 1: Common Sense; this rule is pretty straight forward. You need to seriously consider what this debt will do to/for your life. Will the payments stress you family, your business, yourself? Are you making a mistake at some level by bringing this into your life? Will this be a blessing now and in the future of are you signing up for another future financial disaster and just justifying it somehow? Does this purchase fit well into your financial plan and future goals?

Rule 2: A Guaranteed way to repay; this is the rule that caught my attention (it’s a good one so stay with me!)  Can you guarantee repayment for this debt? I’m not talking about promising all of next year’s paychecks, I’m talking about a guaranteed way to repay. What this means to me is not borrowing money towards things that cannot stand good for themselves. Real estate is a great example. A mortgage is secured against the value of the property itself – assuming you had a proper down payment or solid equity when purchased. If you can’t make the payments in theory the value of the asset would stand good for the debt liability. Purchasing a business may also fall into this category assuming you are buying true assets and not just a process or name.  

A car (especially new) almost never falls into the guaranteed repayment category. This is due to the value of vehicles dropping too fast. Cars almost never increase in value (well not the kind you drive anyway). So unless you are borrowing $1,000 on a $12,000 car I doubt a financed vehicle can truly stand good for the purchase on its own. I know this sucks but how many people do you know with a financed car can sell the vehicle and clear the debt with the proceeds from the day they drive it home and through the life of the loan? That’s not a guaranteed way to repay.

Sometimes you can pledge the value of one asset as collateral for another financed asset. If you have the ability to take that route then you may have fulfilled Rule #2 and if you’re okay with that then I’m okay with that!

Obviously there are many variables to consider for Rule #2 but this part of the debt decision deserves some serious consideration and some honest answers to some tricky “what if” questions. Can you remove this debt burden from your life if necessary without being kicked in your financial groin? If you can’t answer yes to that question stop right here and reconsider.

Rule 3: Peace of heart and mind; Rule 3 is a bit more spiritual than the others in my opinion. How is this debt going to make you feel? Are you going to beat yourself up over the next five years for making a quick decision? Are you going to unintentionally going to forgo some big goal in the future for a pick-me-up right now? Will you lock yourself in to a job you don’t really want because you strapped yourself with a house payment you can barely cover? Will you put off your saving for the kiddo’s college to drive a new truck? Will you be able to sleep at night after you sign on the line?

Rule 4: Unity; This rule is easy to explain. This rule relates to married folks or people partnering with someone else in one way or another. Basically what is being said here is if you’re going to be in debt you need to be on the same page with your spouse or partners on what is happening and what is going to happen in the future. That’s really it. The two of you need to have a solid agreement and commitment to carry the burden together as one.

So assuming you can come to terms on these four rules this debt may not be such a bad thing in your life. That said, if for any reason you question don’t have a solid honest answer for any of these rules you may be buying a ticket for a ride you didn’t really plan on taking. Financial decisions should be very deliberate and well thought out no matter what dollar amount is involved. Slow down, take a little time and consider all your options then move forward deliberately and cautiously – every time   

Do you agree with these 4 rules? Have you taken on debt without considering one of these principles? How’d that work out for you? Please share.

I’m often asked how does someone function in our current world without the use of a stack of credit cards. Hopefully this page will help clarify why I feel the way I do and how it is possible to function in our society without using or relying on credit cards.

PART 1.

My lack of credit cards (the why)

Living without a credit card is actually not very complicated. In my opinion it’s actually more simple than living with one. I have now been without a credit card for over two years and have not had to change my lifestyle because of it – well atleast not in a negative way.

First I want to discuss the reasons why I don’t use credit cards. For many people who have “credit card problems” the reason is usually self control or a lack of financial knowledge. Credit cards are often used as a financial crutch to help people limp along when they don’t actually have the money to cover a purchase they can’t resist or truly need in the case of an emergency. Many people can manage credit cards without getting into any major trouble. This was the case for me personally, my credit cards and balances they carried were far from the point of blowing up our finances and we had no trouble handling the payments each month. I was even able to enjoy some of the “rewards” these cards offered to me.

So why did I decide to remove the cards from my wallet if they weren’t causing any problems and was reaping some rewards?  Well folks there were a few reasons…

I didn’t like the feeling of paying for last month’s expenses this month. I hated sending off  money I just received to pay for things I didn’t posses any longer. Even though I may have been able to pay the balances down to zero each month I still felt like my finances were a month behind. The weight of any debt no matter how small has a way wearing on me. The truth is carrying debt takes energy from your life even if it’s only the energy needed to check the statement and send the payment.

Overspending; a Dunn and Bradstreet study is often quoted in blogs, and the major media. The study reports on average you’ll spend 12-18% more when making a purchase with a credit card as opposed to cash. And to prove their point they noted the average McDonald’s transaction increased from $4.50 with cash to $7.00 when credit was used. When they looked at vending machines, the average transaction size nearly doubled. Now for me I don’t doubt that I unintentionally spent more using plastic at times (I’ve been guilty of supersizing my life a time or two!) I know for a fact I’ve done this with the thought that I’d be getting more perks by adding to what I charge. So even though this was not the key factor for dumping my cards it was defiantly a consideration.    

Paying interest; this is an easy one in my opinion. Why would you save money at low checking or saving account interest rates while carrying a high interest balance on unsecured debt? It just doesn’t make sense to me – why pay interest when with a bit of planning you could be receiving interest? I never quite understood why people will say “don’t pay off you mortgage because you can make more in the stock market” and then use credit cards with 10%-30% interest rates. But it works for you have at it

I also saw no benefit to using a credit card. I know they offered me points, and insurance, and extended warranties and cash back, but to me I realized I was putting up with the issues above and found myself never getting any real benefit from all the extras they were offering me in exchange for dealing with the negatives. And as far as the convenience factor, well to be honest my credit cards weren’t anymore convenient than my debit card.  This was the big reason I now have no credit cards in my wallet…they do nothing for me, I didn’t see the so called “benefits”

This was my biggest reason….Why spend your time trying to outsmart the credit card companies? This is what they do for a living and they are better at it than I will ever be. True some people can beat them at their own game, charge up the month on credit, pay it off on the 30^th, never pay fees, never pay interest, and collect the rewards points at the end of the month.  If that’s how you roll and how you want to spend your time and energy. I’d much rather spend my time chillaxin and not worrying about trying to outsmart them while they’re trying to outsmart me. I’m not saying you can’t outsmart these folks but I am saying it’s a lot of damn work! 

This was the big reason…. So to briefly summarize why I don’t use credit cards…I don’t like to pay interest, I don’t like to being tempted to over spend, I don’t like the hassle of making the payments on time, and finally I never really received any benefit from the incentives they offered. So basically it came down to multiple negatives and no real positives.

Let’s put it this way….Let’s say you were dating a credit card. She charged high fees when you used her and possibly charged you when you didn’t use her, then tempted you to do things that weren’t in your best interest like overspending, then she drove you crazy by making you pay her a 25 days after the fun was over or risk having to pay her even more, then she offered you restricted “benefits” and “rewards” that you didn’t really care to use and if at any point you fail to keep your promises in the relationship she will call incessantly, threaten you then ultimately drag you into court and win. Then after you and her work out all your monetary issues you realized she never really cared about you in the first place and was only after your money – I don’t think that’s a very healthy relationship. Sorry, no matter how good that hot little number looked being flaunted around town with me I’d have to break it off!

To reinforce my thoughts around credit cards but with a little less Vinny Financio I want to refer back to my post So When is Debt Okay?  In this post I lay out four things to consider when determining if a debt is okay. Rule 1: Common Sense Rule 2: A Guaranteed way to repay Rule 3: Peace of heart and mind Rule 4: Unity;

In my opinion credit cards do not satisfy the four rules outlining when it is okay to borrow. Well it could fit into rules #1, #3 & #4 Common Sense, Peace of Mind & Unity. Though this all depends on your household situation but in my household we came to “Unity” on the fact that we didn’t see the “Common Sense” in borrowing money day to day and coming to that agreement gave us “Peace of Mind” knowing we were always living on what we had. As for Rule #2 Guaranteed Way to Repay; most credit cards I know of don’t have this guarantee built into them. They are only guaranteed by your future income but your future income is only guaranteed to the point that you have sufficient income. Lose your income and you have no guarantee there for it’s not a “Guaranteed Way to Repay.” Credit Cards are not secured by any real property which is why credit cards are referred to as unsecured debt.

I only have one more point to make regarding using any form of debt in your day-to-day life. This one though is intangible and hard to quantify with numbers. The feelings & emotions people feel around having debt in general. In several of my posts I’ve shared the experience others have had with their own personal battles with debt. Here are a few of those quotes:

Being away from my family at night is one of most difficult things I’ve had to do.  When I look into my kids eyes though, I know it will be worth it.  - Jeff, Deliver Away Debt

and I think of all our family can do with our money when he comes home. Things like a family vacation paid for with actual money. Out of our checking account and not on credit cards. Amazing.  - Military Mom, Deployment Money

he called me the day after our discussion and let me know he cleaned out his wallet to make room for some cash instead. 8 days later he’s still on the wagon as he puts it. I told him he sounds like a recovering crack head, he said that’s about how he feels.  - Mark, 8-days Clean

Now that I’ve laid all this out there for you I want to finish with the thought that you’re all big boys and you can make your own big boy decisions about your finances but that’s my $.02

Part 2.

Living without credit cards (the how)

Once I decided I was no longer going to depend on credit cards as a way of making purchases I needed to come up with another option that would allow me to make all the purchases I needed to without cramping my style too much.

There were a couple issues I took consideration before I got rid of all my cards. How was I going to have access to my money anytime & anywhere?  Second how can you function without a credit card, especially since I travel a bit and my wife almost is never carrying much cash? Here is what I came up with and so far it has worked flawlessly for us.

The first thing I did was create a place to stash the money. Since I wanted to have access to this money with the same ease as using a credit card I went for an account with a debit card. I opened a high interest free checking account at a local credit union. This is not the same place we have our primary checking account we use for everyday expenses though. I chose a different bank for our emergency savings for two reasons. One, I wanted to make sure the debit cards we were issued were Mastercard card since our primary debit cards were Visa. Two, I wanted to be linked to a different banking system. Both of these reasons were to ensure that I always had access to money if either Mastercard or Visa had problems or if either of the banks were having technical problems for one reason or another. After working with a credit card fraud team for some time and on the back end of a couple e-commerce websites I realized how inconvenient those issues are and how easily they can arise through no actions of your own. So far to date I haven’t had any issues getting access to my money. 

Now that we had a place to stash the money it was time to actually put some money in there. I first opened the account with $1200 we had set aside in our regular savings account. Now that I was going to only rely on this money instead of relying on this money and credit to get by I know I needed to add to this account as quickly as possible. So for a few months any money we could manage to pull out of our budget went directly into that saving account. At the time I was also working a second job to help knock out our debts too, so any money I made there went into this account as soon as we got a hold of it. This all quickly added up to several thousand dollars and now there’s even more. The funny thing is there is more money in there now than I ever had available on my credit cards.   

This new account was only to be used for an emergency and we BOTH had to agree this was an emergency. Since our marriage is based on trust and shared goals there is no issue with us both having easy access to the money. We trusted each other not to let the other down. Plus if either of us was going to screw this up it was probably going to be me.       

So at this point the only thing left to do is stick to our plan. To date we’ve not had any issues that have made me second guess this plan. We’ve traveled, we’ve rented several cars, we’ve bought things over the internet, basically we’ve have done most everything everybody swears they need a credit card but have done it with a debit card. If somebody were to steal my money or I have to disagree with a transaction (both of which I’ve had happen btw) I just grab my other debit card and put gas in the car just like you would with a credit card but without needing to pay it back next month.

To sum it all up….

1. We have more money available; like I said we have more in the account than we ever had available on our cards.
2. We now earn interest, not a lot but it is adding up. True we didn’t set this money aside for growth but it is a nice bonus to the deal.
3. We’re never owe anybody at the end of the month and if something were to self destruct in our financial lives we won’t be borrowing money at the exact time it gets most difficult to pay it back.
4. We have no need to use credit cards and no need to deal with the card companies – I don’t have any personal credit card horror stories but I sure don’t want to start any

People wonder how I can function without a credit card….I wonder why they can’t?

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It’s pretty easy to pick some goals  then get off your butt and begin working towards them. It’s also just as easy to focus on too many goals at once. In a previous post Take Aim & Kill It I talk about focusing all your financial resources at your smallest debt and working to eliminate it as rapidly as possible. Here I want to talk about why focusing on your debts now is important to reaching those larger goals further in the distance.

A contractor friend once told me this quote:

When you come across an electrical problem and a plumbing problem…don’t try to fix them both at the same time!

In other words don’t try to do too many things at once. I decided I would be better served by focusing on debts now which has allowed me to focus more on financing my retirement and reaching those larger goals. I once heard a story about a apartment maintenance man that bought his employer’s apartment complex with cash and managed to retire with over $3 million in the bank years later (that story could be  total B.S. but I did hear it). Well the story goes like this…He saved his butt off and even though he wasn’t making a ton of money over time he managed to save up enough dough to buy the small apartment complex he worked at and began creating some wealth. That’s pretty much the story. Instead of spending his money he saved his money and as the story goes eventually had enough dough to make a big fat real estate purchase. My guess is this person was a pretty simple dude and probably kept himself out of debt (I don’ see any other way he could really save up a ton of money like this). The obvious advantage though is that he was able to use his income to build something instead of paying for crap he bought in the past + interest.

Even if the story I heard was total B.S. the theory’s still valid. Freeing up your income by clearing your debts will allow you to stash away more money and collect interest instead of paying interest. Do that long enough and large enough and you could eventually turn that stack of money into investments to replace your income and build some wealth.  In my post I Call a Do-over I talk about some other advantages to freeing yourself from your everyday debts. As long as your income keeps going towards interest payments on credit cards and cars its going to be hard to use this money for much of anything else (it’s hard to save it if you don’t really get to keep it). So by wiping out my debts I’m now able to save and invest money much more aggressively because I actually have more available money now. 

I’m a long way from paying cash for my an apartment building but I’m a whole lot closer now that my money stays with me at the end of the month.  Freeing up my income has now given me access to the one tool I need to begin building some wealth, my income. 

If you were able to free yourself up from monthly debt payments what would you do with all that money?

It’s funny how people will sometimes ask a question of you then argue with the answer you give. This blog has brought out the financial questions from people around me and sometimes people don’t want to actually hear the answer to the question. Yesterday one such question started a discussion with a friend of mine that went around in circles for what seemed like a month. Then we abruptly came to an agreement and this quote sums up the feelings around that moment of truth…

 Nothing sucks more than that moment during an argument when you realize you’re wrong. – unknown

 Luckily I wasn’t the one having this realization, at least not this time anyway. The question that sparked the chat was basically this: “how do you get out and stay out of the cycle of car debt?” For myself I saw a pretty straight forward answer (as most personal finance questions are in my opinion). The idea is to save up enough money to pay cash for your next car…that’s it, it’s that simple. The theory itself is simple but getting it done takes some work. We can discuss endlessly the different techniques of how you might pull that off (and I may sometime just not right now).

 My friend’s realization described above was sparked when I asked him the following question:

If you can afford make the payments why can’t you afford to save for it, especially a purchase you can plan ahead for?

Once this question was posed the conversation slammed to a halt faster than a school bus at the train tracks. He looked at me and said I guess you have a point. Things really are that simple. If you have some time to plan for the expenses all you need to do is plan for the expense. True, it’s not much fun and it sure isn’t very sexy but it works. That’s how most of our grandparents bought stuff like cars. They saved up for things and when they had the money they would make the purchase. So what’s different now? Try: marketing, peer pressure, greed, impatience, a lack of discipline, aside from those roadblocks (especially the lack of discipline one) this idea pretty much works the same as it did before.

I doubt our conversation will change the way he operates his finances moving forward but at least the question was recognized and there may be that little twinge of guilt each time he unnecessarily spends on credit. True this may not ruin his life but at least he can now add one more option to his financial text book in his head.

So I now pose the question to my readers:

If you can afford make the payments why can’t you afford to save for it, especially a purchase you can plan ahead for?

Go ahead you can post your excuses in the comment section.